Asian, Black, Hispanic and Native American fellows in training continue to be underrepresented in cardiology and its subspecialties despite diversity efforts, and systematic changes are needed to ensure equitable training opportunities.
The persistent underrepresentation stems from a combination of factors, including but not limited to structural racism, recruitment bias, economic disadvantages and unequal career opportunities from early education through medical school and graduate programs.
“The racial/ethnic diversity of fellows in training in most medical subspecialties is not