Tezepelumab curbs asthma exacerbations across neutrophil counts

PHOENIX — Annual asthma exacerbation rates improved for patients who used tezepelumab for severe, uncontrolled asthma regardless of their blood neutrophil counts, according to an abstract presented at CHEST 2026.
Yet patients with blood eosinophil counts (BECs) of 300 cells/µl and higher had the greatest reductions, Njira L. Lugogo, MD, clinical professor in the division of pulmonary and critical care medicine at University of Michigan, and colleagues wrote.
The researchers examined pooled data from the PATHWAY and NAVIGATOR multicenter, randomized studies for 1,334 patients aged 12 to 80 years

Lower step count associated with higher brain health risks

SAN DIEGO — Adults who averaged fewer than 5,000 steps per day were almost twice as likely to develop dementia, Parkinson’s disease or stroke compared with people who averaged more than 12,000 steps per day, according to a presenter.
The data was presented by researchers with Florida Atlantic University at the American Neurological Association’s 151st Annual Meeting.
The findings demonstrate how data from fitness trackers can be used to identify when people need to pay more attention to their weight, blood pressure, blood sugar and mental health, said Meet Popatbhai Kachhadia, MD, neurology

Machine learning finds patients with high-risk extubation failure

PHOENIX — Among ventilated adults who underwent extubation, 18.7% were high risk for extubation failure per machine learning even though they met traditional low-risk criteria, according to data presented at the CHEST Annual Meeting.
“Passing a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) doesn’t mean every patient is equally safe to extubate,” Jeril Lasington, MBBS, medical resident at New York Medical College, St. Clare’s and St. Mary’s Hospitals, told Healio. “For a patient who has been ventilated a long time, has ARDS, pneumonia or sepsis, or is significantly fluid-positive, passing the usual checks

Telomere length in ILD, usual interstitial pneumonia linked

PHOENIX — Among patients with interstitial lung disease, those with telomere length below vs. above the 10th percentile more often had usual interstitial pneumonia on imaging, according to data presented at the CHEST Annual Meeting.
“Telomere length and telomere disorders, more broadly, may drive specific pathobiological changes in the lung (usual interstitial pneumonia [UIP] pattern) rather than fibrosis more generally,” Samuel B. Konkol, MD, research associate in the division of pulmonary and critical care medicine at the University of Virginia, told Healio.
“This would suggest that

Trump signs order establishing women’s health division in NIH

President Donald J. Trump signed an executive order directing HHS to establish a new Women’s Health Division in the NIH within 90 days, the agency announced.
The order also establishes the first White House Women’s Health Task Force, co-chaired by HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. and White House Chief of Staff Susie Wiles, “to coordinate federal efforts to improve women’s health from infancy and adolescence through the reproductive years, midlife, menopause and healthy aging,” according to a press release.
“For generations, women have faced unanswered questions about conditions that

FDA OKs Jemperli for locally advanced rectal cancer

The FDA approved dostarlimab for individuals with stage II to III microsatellite instability-high/deficient mismatch repair locally advanced rectal cancer.
Dostarlimab (Jemperli, GlaxoSmithKline) — a PD-1 antagonist — received accelerated approval as the first immunotherapy for this patient population.
Treatment could redirect patients from current standard of care options, including chemotherapy, radiation and surgery, which can affect quality of life, sexual dysfunction and infertility, according to a manufacturer press release.
The FDA based its decision on data from the single-arm, phase 2

Prophylactic oral antibiotics may increase infection risk

Patients who received prophylactic oral antibiotics after aseptic revision total hip arthroplasty had higher rates of infection and wound complications, according to results.
“Prescribing postoperative antibiotics should not provide false reassurance. If you are concerned enough to continue antibiotics, the more important question might be why, and these patients may require closer monitoring and further evaluation,” Billy I. Kim, MD, orthopedic surgery resident at Hospital for Special Surgery, told Healio.
Kim, along with Elizabeth V. Robilotti, MD, and colleagues retrospectively

Updated blood-based CRC test improves APL sensitivity

NASHVILLE, Tenn. — An updated version of the blood-based SimpleScreen CRC screening test improved detection of advanced precancerous lesions while maintaining high sensitivity for colorectal cancer in an average-risk adult population.
Data presented at ACG Annual Scientific Meeting showed the largest improvement in sensitivity for lesions with high-grade dysplasia — an increase of 11.5 percentage points from the original test.
“Our goal is to maximize the detection of advanced precancerous lesions and early-stage cancers, particularly stage I, and you can see that’s what these efforts are

OCT-A biomarkers show promise for tracking diabetic retinopathy

Biomarkers visible on OCT angiography could help detect progression through the stages of diabetic retinopathy, according to data published in Frontiers in Ophthalmology.
“Several studies have demonstrated the utility of OCT-A in characterizing the severity of DR using microvascular parameters,” Rachel Liu, a medical student at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, and colleagues wrote. “Despite these promising findings, there are limitations in the current body of literature. Most studies on OCT-A and DR have been cross-sectional, providing only a snapshot of